Cell Host & Microbe
Volume 21, Issue 5, 10 May 2017, Pages 603-610.e3
Journal home page for Cell Host & Microbe

Short Article
Gut Microbiome Function Predicts Response to Anti-integrin Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2017.04.010Get rights and content
Under an Elsevier user license
open archive

Highlights

  • Stool metagenomes of IBD patients starting biologic therapy were prospectively assessed

  • Higher abundance of butyrate producers at baseline in therapy-responsive CD patients

  • Baseline enrichment of 13 microbial pathways in therapy-responsive CD patients

  • Early microbial changes at week 14 persist up to 1 year in responders

Summary

The gut microbiome plays a central role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) pathogenesis and propagation. To determine whether the gut microbiome may predict responses to IBD therapy, we conducted a prospective study with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) patients initiating anti-integrin therapy (vedolizumab). Disease activity and stool metagenomes at baseline, and weeks 14, 30, and 54 after therapy initiation were assessed. Community α-diversity was significantly higher, and Roseburia inulinivorans and a Burkholderiales species were more abundant at baseline among CD patients achieving week 14 remission. Several significant associations were identified with microbial function; 13 pathways including branched chain amino acid synthesis were significantly enriched in baseline samples from CD patients achieving remission. A neural network algorithm, vedoNet, incorporating microbiome and clinical data, provided highest classifying power for clinical remission. We hypothesize that the trajectory of early microbiome changes may be a marker of response to IBD treatment.

Keywords

Microbiome
vedolizumab
treatment response
roseburia
butyrate
remission

Cited by (0)

5

These authors contributed equally

6

Lead Contact