Table 2

Questionnaire respondent’s macronutrient and micronutrient intake

Control (n=54)UC inactive (n=35)UC active (n=17)CD inactive (n=51)CD active (n=22)Statistical test
MIQRMIQRMIQRMIQRMIQRP value
Energy (kcal/day)161884215247611450215016238611167644
Energy (kj/day)6818353564113206608290406808361449032724
Carbohydrate (g/day)15512715710513026516710612162
Protein (g/day)72506835696171365936
Fat (g/day)72466734606167335022
Starch (g/day)8678804463119855662360.05
Oligosaccharide (g/day)0.70.90.40.90.41.10.810.351.45
Fibre (g/day)19*1716101229.91513.89.1*8.70.01
NSP (g/day)18*15.11191128.91214.27.8*5.5<0.001
Sugars (g/day)76597455789084505842
Free sugars (g/day)32313135292446402736
Glucose (g/day)5.16.24.55.34.35.45.45.745.1
Galactose (g/day)0.20.50.20.50.20.20.10.270.10.20.05
Fructose (g/day)3.84.833.733.33.853.43.3
Sucrose (g/day)16171412.8151026261319.2<0.05
Maltose (g/day)4.37.53.64.93.76.62.64.236.95
Lactose (g/day)4.28.34.27.94.35.83.36.42.36.2
Saturated fat (g/day)25152016221623191711
Monounsaturated fat (g/day)31*2026162529251420*90.05
Polyunsaturated fat (g/day)1089.24.59.299.13.27.73.8
Omega3 (n−3) (g/day)0.60.60.50.450.50.80.350.580.60.7
Omega6 (n−6) (g/day)3.6*†3.32.5*22.54.42.32.82†1.50.01
Trans-fatty acids (g/day)1.21.1111.10.91.21.280.950.78
Cholesterol (mg/day)216155283175251203216102207199
Sodium (mg/day)11908751101610115817151204678908431
Potassium (mg/day)246818332287114521852792226613071684704
Chloride (mg/day)2180*15531877121619532554194811721479*762<0.05
Calcium (mg/day)658*516449480615258553449342*1750.01
Phosphorus (mg/day)12047781152684121113441140686880495
Magnesium (mg/day)251*214226117230352226145158*1140.05
Iron (mg/day)9*7.98.34.67.715.98.2†4.65.6*†4.5<0.05
Zinc (mg/day)8.3*6.17.15.17.29.67.1†4.54.6*†2.80.01
Copper (mg/day)1*0.90.80.80.91.91†0.60.6*†0.4<0.05
Manganese (mg/day)3.3*3.72.92.82.26.32.42.81.7*20.01
Selenium (µg/day)39273821373237213719
Iodine (µg/day)1026993931165779647461
Vitamin A (ret eq) (µg/day)9897806924897141177764754600411
Retinol (µg/day)303249268241267228256230225222
Carotene (µg/day)5940918547473624409910 7524298940842203559
Vitamin D (µg/day)2.51.82.51.71.72.821.41.92.7
Vitamin E (mg/day)9.5*7.87.23.98.39.38.15.16.2*3.2<0.05
Vitamin K1 (µg/day)7.174.75.74.354.43.73.54.8<0.05
Thiamin (B1) (µg/day)1.9*2.21.31.31.53.31.61.21.1*0.90.05
Riboflavin (B2) (µg/day)1.1*0.910.910.50.90.60.7*0.38<0.05
Niacin total (B3) (µg/day)30243017323035192821
Niacin (B3) (mg/day)1510.31710161418111614.2
Tryptophan (mg/day)780454730446791680780366704441
Pantothenic acid (B5) (mg/day)4.434.634.92.94.42.33.62.4
Vitamin (B6) (mg/day)1.50.91.60.91.60.91.611.11.1
Folates (B9) total (µg/day)201*1451659615027517297105*580.01
Vitamin (B12) (µg/day)3.733.83.73.82.43.22.32.91.9
Biotin (B7) (µg/day)23242114302218111317<0.05
Vitamin C (mg/day)90*83745677158806544*60<0.05
Glycaemic load665467335410972435129
  • Nutrient intake estimated using Nutritics software on FFQ collected data. Kruskal-Wallis with f-test statistics was used for group comparison and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni p-adjust for pairwise comparison between groups, with statistical significance denoted by * or †.

  • CD, Crohn’s disease; kcal, kilocalories; kj, kilojoules; M, median; NSP, non-starch polysaccharides; UC, ulcerative colitis.