Factors associated with outcomes of biologics discontinuation
| Factor | Favours remission | Favours flare |
| Disease phenotype | ||
| Age at diagnosis | <16–25 years | |
| Perianal CD | Perianal CD present | |
| Location CD | Ileocolonic disease Isolated upper GI disease | |
| Behaviour CD | Stricturing or penetrating | |
| Extension UC | Pancolitis | |
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Gender | Male | |
| Smoking | Active smoking | |
| Treatment history | ||
| Anti-TNF treatment | Longer duration | |
| Dosing | Escalated anti-TNF dosing | |
| Surgery | Previous resection | |
| Anti-TNF | Adalimumab>Infliximab | |
| Adverse event | As reason for stopping | |
| Disease status | Ongoing symptoms | |
| Combo therapy | Continuation of immunomodulator | |
| Laboratory markers | ||
| Haemoglobin | <145 g/L | |
| White cell count | >5–25×109/L | |
| CRP | ≥5 mg/L | |
| Faecal calprotectin | >50 or >250 µg/g | |
| Infliximab trough levels | Undetectable | Higher levels |
CD, Crohn’s disease; CRP, C reactive protein; GI, gastrointestinal; TNF, Tumour Necrosis Factor; UC, ulcerative colitis.