Demographics and baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Treatment target groups* | Total (N=432) | ||
| Group 1 (N=89) | Group 2 (N=130) | Group 3 (N=213) | ||
| Male, n (%) | 51 (57.3) | 67 (51.5) | 122 (57.3) | 240 (55.6) |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 42.8 (14.9) | 41.5 (15.3) | 40.8 (14.1) | 41.4 (14.6) |
| Race, n (%) | ||||
| Asian | 9 (10.1) | 8 (6.2) | 9 (4.2) | 26 (6.0) |
| Black or African American | 2 (2.2) | 4 (3.1) | 7 (3.3) | 13 (3.0) |
| White | 75 (84.3) | 114 (87.7) | 186 (87.3) | 375 (86.8) |
| Other/unknown | 3 (3.4) | 4 (3.1) | 11 (5.2) | 18 (4.2) |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 170.9 (9.0) | 171.2 (10.4) | 172.8 (9.1) | 171.9 (9.5) |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 77.1 (18.9) | 75.8 (15.6) | 76.8 (16.4) | 76.6 (16.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.4 (6.4) | 25.8 (5.1) | 25.6 (4.7) | 25.8 (5.2) |
| Mayo Clinic score, mean (SD) | 8.6 (1.6) | 8.6 (1.8) | 8.7 (1.7) | 8.6 (1.7) |
| Mayo endoscopic score (MES), mean (SD) | 2.6 (0.5) | 2.6 (0.5) | 2.6 (0.5) | 2.6 (0.5) |
| Partial Mayo Clinic score, mean (SD) | 6.0 (1.4) | 6.0 (1.6) | 6.1 (1.6) | 6.0 (1.5) |
| IBDQ score, mean (SD) | 126.7 (34.6) | 131.8 (34.6) | 128.2 (36.1) | 129.0 (35.3) |
| Disease duration (y), mean (SD) | 8.0 (8.2) | 8.2 (8.9) | 8.1 (7.8) | 8.1 (8.2) |
| Disease severity, n (%) | ||||
| Mild | 6 (6.7) | 7 (5.4) | 10 (4.7) | 23 (5.3) |
| Moderate | 57 (64.0) | 91 (70.0) | 120 (56.3) | 268 (62.0) |
| Severe | 11 (12.4) | 7 (5.4) | 32 (15.0) | 50 (11.6) |
| Missing | 15 (16.9) | 25 (19.2) | 51 (23.9) | 91 (21.1) |
| CRP (mg/L), mean (SD) | 9.9 (7.6) | 12.9 (18.4) | 15.0 (17.0) | 13.4 (16.1) |
| FC (mg/kg), mean (SD) | 1667.0 (1646.1) | 1380.2 (1400.8) | 1494.5 (1494.5) | 1495.6 (1489.3) |
| Albumin (g/dL), mean (SD) | 44.6 (4.2) | 44.4 (4.1) | 44.1 (3.7) | 44.3 (3.9) |
| Haematocrit (%), mean (SD) | 0.43 (0.06) | 0.42 (0.05) | 0.43 (0.05) | 0.43 (0.05) |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL), mean (SD) | 134.2 (19.4) | 129.1 (20.0) | 133.6 (18.4) | 132.4 (19.2) |
| Leucocytes (109/L), mean (SD) | 7.7 (2.9) | 8.1 (2.8) | 8.0 (3.2) | 8.0 (3.0) |
| Current CS use, n (%) | 45 (50.6) | 68 (52.3) | 111 (52.1) | 224 (51.9) |
| Current IS use, n (%) | 10 (11.2) | 13 (10.0) | 21 (9.9) | 44 (10.2) |
| Current anti-TNFα use, n (%) | 3 (3.4) | 2 (1.5) | 5 (2.3) | 10 (2.3) |
| Previous anti-TNFα use, n (%) | 11 (12.4) | 17 (13.1) | 24 (11.3) | 52 (12.0) |
| Previous medication use,† n (%) | 77 (86.5) | 116 (89.2) | 184 (86.4) | 377 (87.3) |
*Group 1: CS-free symptomatic remission (Mayo RBS=0); group 2: CS-free endoscopic remission (MES≤1)+symptomatic remission; group 3: CS-free histologic remission (Geboes score<2B.0)+endoscopic remission+symptomatic remission.
†Previous medications included topical agents for haemorrhoids and anal fissure treatment, anticestodals, antidiarrhoeal micro-organisms, antiemetics and antinauseants, antigout preparations, antimetabolites, blood and related products, calcium, systemic corticosteroids, drugs for constipation, drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders, drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, drugs for treatment of tuberculosis, immunostimulants, immunosuppressants, intestinal anti-infectives, intestinal anti-inflammatory agents, iron preparations, opioids, other analgesics and antipyretics, quinolone and other antibacterials, stromatological preparation, unspecified herbal and traditional medicine, viral vaccines and vitamin B12 and folic acid.
BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; CS, corticosteroid; FC, faecal calprotectin; IBDQ, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire; IS, immunosuppressive; RBS, rectal bleeding subscore; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.