Characteristics of demographic, lifestyle, medical history and laboratory measurements participants in DENA Persian cohort (n=3626)
| Variables | Range/category | Gallstone No (%) (n=173) | Healthy No (%) (n=3453) | Total No (%) (n=3626) | P value* |
| Age (mean±SD) | Range: 35–70 | 54.53±9.52 | 49.95±9.68 | 50.16±9.71 | <0.001 |
| Sex | Female | 142 (82.08) | 1926 (55.79) | 2068 (57.0) | <0.001 |
| Male | 31 (17.92) | 1526 (44.21) | 1557 (43.0) | ||
| YOS (mean±SD) | Range: 0–22 | 5.6±5.2 | 7.8±5.5 | 7.70±5.47 | <0.001 |
| BMI† (mean±SD) | Range: 15.70–54.86 | 30.07±4.96 | 27.74±5.01 | 27.85±5.03 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | Yes | 24 (13.95) | 860 (24.93) | 884 (24.41) | 0.001 |
| No | 148 (86.05) | 2589 (75.07) | 2737 (75.59) | ||
| Alcohol | Yes | 5 (2.91) | 224 (6.49) | 229 (6.32) | 0.071 |
| No | 167 (97.01) | 3225 (93.51) | 3392 (93.68) | ||
| Tobacco | Yes | 58 (33.77) | 915 (26.53) | 973 (26.87) | 0.042 |
| No | 114 (66.23) | 2534 (73.47) | 2648 (73.13) | ||
| Drug use | Yes | 8 (4.65) | 366 (10.61) | 374 (10.33) | 0.022 |
| No | 164 (95.35) | 3083 (89.39) | 3247 (89.67) | ||
| Diabetes | Yes | 46 (26.59) | 412 (11.94) | 458 (12.63) | 0.001 |
| No | 127 (73.41) | 3040 (88.06) | 3167 (87.37) | ||
| Fatty liver | Yes | 78 (45.09) | 677 (19.61) | 755 (20.83) | <0.001 |
| No | 95 (54.91) | 2775 (80.39) | 1870 (79.17) | ||
| Chol (mean±SD) | Range: 80–345 | 177.07±37.60 | 179.84±36.46 | 179.69±36.52 | 0.273 |
| Tg (mean±SD) | Range: 33–1755 | 162.73±90.17 | 157.32±101.2 | 157.55±100.71 | 0.425 |
| LDL (mean±SD) | Range: 22.60–254.60 | 96.91±31.44 | 101.83±32.33 | 101.53±32.31 | 0.034 |
| HDL (mean±SD) | Range: 18–140 | 51.0±10.74 | 49.20±9.93 | 49.29±9.10 | 0.031 |
*A significant level for variables of age,years of schools, BMI, Chol, Tg, LDL and HDL was obtained from independent sample t-test. Also, χ2 test was used for variables of sex, smoking, alcohol, tobacco, drug use, diabetes and fatty liver.
†Per kilograms/ metre2.
BMI, body mass index; Chol, cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; Tg, triglyceride; YOS, years of school.