Management and outcomes
| Frequency utilised (%) | Success rate in stopping bleeding (%) | |
| Therapeutic procedure for Heyde’s syndrome: | ||
| SAVR | 49.3 | 92.1* |
| TAVR/TAVI | 24.7 | 84.2* |
| Alternative treatments† | 26 | 45‡ |
| Efficacy of alternative treatments†: | No of times attempted | Success rate in stopping bleeding (%) |
| Balloon aortic valvuloplasty | 3 | 66.7§ |
| Clipping procedure | 7 | 57.1§ |
| Epinephrine injection | 7 | 42.9 |
| Supportive therapy alone | 6 | 33.3 |
| Argon plasma coagulation | 16 | 25§ |
| Cauterisation/coagulation (unspecified) | 9 | 11.1§ |
| Colon/small bowel resection | 7 | 28.6 |
| Octreotide | 4 | 50 |
| Bentall procedure | 1 | 100 |
| Oestrogen | 1 | 0 |
| Desmopressin or vWF supplementation | 2 | 50 |
| Tranexamic acid | 1 | 0 |
| n | Percent of AVWS cases (%) | |
| Resolution of AVWS following treatment | 16 | 59.3 |
*‡§Within a section, values labelled with different superscripts differ (p<0.05), and those with a common superscript do not differ (p>0.05).
†Any treatment not involving valve replacement.
AVWS, acquired von Willebrand syndrome; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVR/TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve replacement/implantation; vWF, von Willebrand factor.