Summary of demographics along with clinical and dietary characteristics of subjects
| SARS-CoV-2 negative; exposed control (n=20) | SARS-CoV-2 positive | ||||||
| Asymptomatic (n=4) | Mild (n=6) | Moderate (n=12) | Severe (n=28) | Total (n=50) | P value | ||
| Demographics | |||||||
| USA resident | 20 (100.00%) | 4 (100.00%) | 6 (100.00%) | 12 (100.00%) | 28 (100.00%) | 50 (100.00%) | ns |
| Male | 7 (35.00%) | 3 (75.00%) | 2 (33.33%) | 5 (41.66%) | 14 (50.00%) | 24 (48.00%) | 0.5706 |
| Mean age ±SEM | 44.40±3.62 | 47.50±9.40 | 37.67±4.65 | 50.58±5.92 | 52.82±3.33 | 50.00±2.50 | 0.5221 |
| Median age | 48 | 50.5 | 37 | 60 | 55.5 | 53 | |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 17 (85.00%) | 3 (75.00%) | 5 (83.33%) | 9 (75.00%) | 27 (96.43%) | 44 (88.00%) | 0.3826 |
| Hispanic | 2 (10.00%) | 1 (25.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (25.00%) | 1 (3.57%) | 5 (10.00%) | |
| Black | 1 (5.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | |
| Other | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (16.66%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (2.00%) | |
| Clinical/dietary characteristics | |||||||
| Severe COVID-19 comorbidities* | 12 (60.00%) | 3 (75.00%) | 3 (50.00%) | 10 (83.33%) | 16 (57.14%) | 32 (64.00%) | 0.5099 |
| Normal stool frequency | 20 (100.00%) | 4 (100.00%) | 6 (100.00%) | 10 (83.33%) | 24 (85.71%) | 44 (88.00%) | 0.2891 |
| Lack of appetite | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (8.33%) | 2 (7.14%) | 3 (6.00%) | 0.6663 |
| Omnivore diet | 19†(100.00%) | 4 (100.00%) | 6 (100.00%) | 12 (100.00%) | 28 (100.00%) | 50 (100.00%) | ns |
. Numbers in cells indicate number of subjects with percentage in categories, except for age and BMI, which indicate value. P values calculated via one-way ANOVA (age and BMI) or χ2 (others). Normal stool frequency is defined as absence of diarrhoea. Total refers to sum of SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects, and it is not used in statistics.
*Comorbid conditions indicative of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (not including hypertension), based on Center for Disease Control (CDC) definitions.44
†Nineteen total subjects had data available for diet within exposed control.