Characteristics of accepted studies
| Studies | Country | Number of cirrhotic patients | Aetiology | Child–Turotte–Pugh (A/B/C) | Hospitalised | Decompensation of cirrhosis during admission | Mechanical ventilation | All-cause mortality (%) |
| Published abstracts | ||||||||
| Neppala et al17 | USA | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 (100%) |
| Rozenshteyn et al18 | USA | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | NR | NR |
| Garrido et al19 | Portugal | 3 | NR | NR | 3/3 | NR | NR | 2/3 (66.7%) |
| Joshi et al20 | USA | 3 | ARLD (1/3) NASH (1/3) HCV (1/3) | B (1/3) C (2/3) | 3/3 | 3/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 (33.3%) |
| Mangia et al21 | Italy | 10 | Viral (3/10) Other (7/10) | NR | 10/10 | NR | NR | 7/10 (70%) |
| Mandour et al22 | UK | 10 | NR | NR | 10/10 | NR | NR | 3/10 (30%) |
| Suresh et al23 | USA | 21 | NR | NR | 21/21 | NR | NR | 10/21 (47.6%) |
| Mendizabal et al24 | Latin America | 24 | NR | NR | 24/24 | NR | NR | 6/24 (25%) |
| Satapathy et al25 | USA | 84 | NR | NR | 84/84 | NR | NR | NR |
| Choudhury et al26 | Asia | 121 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 29/121 (24%) |
| Case reports | ||||||||
| Airoldi et al27 | Italy | 1 | HCV (1/1) | B (1/1) | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Artru et al28 | Switzerland | 1 | ARLD/NASH (1/1) | C (1/1) | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Culver et al29 | France | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | B (1/1) | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | NR |
| El Kassas et al30 | Egypt | 1 | HCV (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Gerstein et al31 | USA | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Glynn et al32 | Ireland | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | B (1/1) | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Grosse et al33 | Germany | 1 | NASH (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Umair et al34 | Qatar | 1 | Cryptogenic (1/1) | B (1/1) | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 (100%) |
| Kreivenaite et al35 | Lithuania | 1 | HCV (1/1) | B (1/1) | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Mangiameli et al36 | France | 1 | RHF (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Martini et al37 | Italy | 1 | AILD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Passarelli et al38 | Brazil | 1 | NR | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 (100%) |
| Qiu et al39 | China | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Rhee et al40 | USA | 1 | NASH (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 (100%) |
| Zelman et al41 | USA | 1 | ARLD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Case series | ||||||||
| Rela et al42 | India | 2 | NASH (1/2) Crypotgenic (1/2) | C (2/2) | 2/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 (100%) |
| Eisa et al43 | USA | 2 | ARLD (2/2) | NR | 2/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 (100%) |
| Kapuria et al44 | USA | 3 | ARLD (3/3) | C (3/3) | 3/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 | 3/3 (100%) |
| Qi et al45 | China | 3 | HBV (1/3), ARLD (1/3) Schistosomiasis (1/3) | B (1/3) C (2/3) | 3/3 | 3/3 | 1/3 | 2/3 (66.7%) |
| Kulkarni et al46 | India | 9 | ARLD (5/9), AILD (2/9), cryptogenic (1/9), NASH (1/9) | NR | NR | 7/9 | 4/9 | 4/9 (44.4%) |
| Liu et al47 | China | 17 | HBV (12/17), HCV (2/17) Other (3/17) | A (15/17), B (1/17) C (1/17) | NR | NR | 2/17 | 3/17 (17.6%) |
| Shalimar et al48 | India | 22 | ARLD (8/22) Cryptogenic (6/22) Viral (4/22) AILD (2/22) Other (2/22) | A (8/22) B (8/22) C (6/22) | 22/22 | NR | N/A | 3/22 (13.6%) |
| Kumar et al49 | India | 57 | ARLD (25/57), NASH (13/57), cryptogenic (9/57) Viral (7/57), AILD (3/57) | A (11/57), B (20/57) C (26/57) | 38/57 | 29 - 38/57 | 8/57 | 8/57 (14%) |
| Single-centre cohort | ||||||||
| Di Giorgio et al11 | Italy | 1 | AILD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Rigamonti et al12 | Italy | 1 | AILD (1/1) | NR | 1/1 | NR | 0/1 | 0/1 (0%) |
| Kroemer et al50 | USA | 3 | ARLD (2/3) AILD (1/3) | NR | 3/3 | NR | 1/3 | 1/3 (33.3%) |
| Forlano et al51 | UK | 6 | NAFLD (6/6) | A (3/6) B (2/6) C (1/6) | 6/6 | NR | NR | 3/6 (50%) |
| Guerra Veloz et al52 | Spain | 7 | HCV (4/7) Other (3/7) | A (5/7) B (2/7) | 7/7 | NR | NR | 3/7 (42.9%) |
| Shalimar et al53 | India | 26 | ARLD (9/26), NAFLD (2/26) HBV (3/26), HCV (2/26), AILD (4/26), cryptogenic (6/26) | A (1/26) | NR | 18/26 | 1/26 | 11/26 (42.3%) |
| Torres-Macho et al54 | Spain | 31 | NR | NR | 31/31 | NR | NR | 9/31 (29%) |
| Multicentre cohort | ||||||||
| Li et al55 | China | 2 | HBV (2/2) | NR | 2/2 | 0/2 | 0/2 | 0/2 (0%) |
| Ji et al56 | China | 3 | NR | NR | 3/3 | 0/3 | NR | 1/3 (33.3%) |
| Gerussi et al57 | Italy | 4 | AILD (4/4) | A (3/4) B (1/4) | 3/4 | NR | NR | 1/4 (25%) |
| Marjot et al58 | UK | 6† | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 6/6 (100%) |
| Hashemi et al59 | USA | 9 | ARLD (3/9) NAFLD (1/9) HCV (4/9) HBV (1/9) | NR | 2/2 | NR | NR | 5/9 (55.6%) |
| Mangia et al60 | Italy | 10 | Metabolic (7/10) HCV (3/10) | NR | 10/10 | NR | NR | 7/10 (70%) |
| Lee et al61 | South Korea | 14 | HBV (5/14) ARLD (5/14) HCV (2/14) AILD (1/14) Cryptogenic (1/14) | A (9/14) B (5/14) | 14/14 | 0/14 | 3/14 | 4/14 (28.6%) |
| Nathwani et al62 | UK | 21 | ARLD (10/27) Other (17/27) | A (8/21) B/C (13/21) | 21/21 | 6/21 | 1/27 | 8/21 (38.1%) |
| Qi et al63 | China | 21 | HBV (9/21) HCV (2/21) ARLD (2/21) Schistosomiasis (1/21) AILD (1/21) Other (6/21) | A (16/21) B (3/21) C (2/21) | 21/21 | NR | 3/21 | 5/21 (23.8%) |
| Bajaj et al64 | USA | 37 | HCV (9/37) ARLD (9/37) NASH (9/37) HCV+ARLD (4/37) Others (6/37) | NR | 37/37 | NR | 14/37 | 11/37* (29.7%) |
| Iavarone et al65 | Italy | 50 | HCV (14/50) HBV (5/50) ARLD (12/50) NAFLD (3/50) Other/Multiple (16/50) | A (26/50) B (18/50) C (6/50) | 48/50 | 12/50 | 2/50 | 17/50 (34%) |
| Singh et al66 | USA | 50 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 10/50 (20%) |
| Berenguer et al67 | Spain | 54 | NR | NR | 54/54 | NR | NR | 26/54 (48.1%) |
| Mendizabal et al68 | Latin America | 55 | NR | NR | 55/55 | NR | NR | 21/55 (38.2%) |
| Frager et al69 | USA | 83 | NR | NR | 83/83 | NR | 22/83 | 30/83 (36.1%) |
| Butt et al13 | USA | 93 | HCV (79/93) Other (14/93) | NR | 23/79 | NR | NR | 7/93 (7.5%) |
| Gottlieb et al70 | USA | 207 | NR | NR | 100/207 | NR | NR | NR |
| Kim et al71 | USA | 227 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 57/227 (25.1%) |
| Ioannou et al72 | USA | 305 | HCV-related (144/305) Other (161/305) | NR | 163/305 | NR | 40/305 | 52/305 (17%) |
| Multinational registry | ||||||||
| Sarin et al73 | Asia | 43 | Metabolic (14/43) Viral (26/43) ARLD (2/43) Other (1/43) | NR | 43/43 | 14/43 | NR | 7/43 (16.3%) |
| Moon et al74 | International | 103 | NR | A (46/103) B (30/103) C (27/103) | 98/103 | 39/103 | 18/103 | 41/103 (39.8%) |
| Marjot et al75 | International | 386 | NAFLD (102/386) ARLD (158/386) HBV (37/386) HCV (72/386) | A (171/386) B (124/386) C (91/386) | 345/386 | 179/386 | 71/386 | 123/386 (31.9%) |
| Marjot et al76 | International | 509 | NR | A (231/509) B 163/509) C (115/509) | NR | NR | NR | 161/509 (31.6%) |
**Death/hospice.
†Cirrhotic patients from UK multicentre comparator cohort.
AILD, autoimmune liver disease; ARLD, alcohol-related liver disease; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MAFLD, metabolic associated fatty liver disease; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NR, not reported for cirrhotic patients; RFH, right heart failure.