Complications observed in the included patients by group
| EI (n = 275) | WI (n = 273) | P value | |
| Total complications | 40 | 41 | 0.876 |
| Pancreatitis | 10 | 14 | 0.393 |
| Mild | 8 | 9 | 0.793 |
| Moderate | 1 | 5 | 0.214 |
| Severe | 1 | 0 | - |
| Abdominal pain with normal lipase | 9 | 5 | 0.285 |
| Bleeding | 9 | 3 | 0.147 |
| Mild | 5 | 3 | 0.729 |
| Moderate | 3 | 0 | - |
| Severe | 1 | 0 | - |
| Cholangitis | 5 | 10 | 0.185 |
| Mild | 2 | 1 | 0.994 |
| Moderate | 2 | 8 | 0.107 |
| Severe | 1 | 1 | 0.481 |
| Cholecystitis | 1 | 3 | 0.61 |
| Fever | 4 | 0 | - |
| Death related to ERCP | 1 | 2 | 0.994 |
| Death related to malignant tumour | 1 | 4 | 0.364 |
| Pancreatitis by group of risk | |||
| Pancreatitis in high risk patients, n (%) | 8/154 (5.1) | 12/171 (7.0) | 0.52 |
| Pancreatitis in average risk patients n (%) | 2/121 (1.6) | 2/102 (1.9) | 0.865 |
χ2 test was used.
EI, epinephrine and rectal indomethacin; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; WI, sterile water and rectal indomethacin.