Descriptive statistics of the study groups
| No. of cases | Age at biopsy (years)* | Gender M/F | Marsh grade (span) | Anti-TG2*† (U/mL) | Anti-DG*‡ (U/mL) | HLA-DQ2.5cis§ | |
| M0 | 9 | 8.4 (2.2–17) | 4/5 | M0 | 0.29 (<0.10–1.3) | 0.57 (<0.40–1.6) | 67%, 22%, 11% |
| CDM0 | 10 | 8.8 (3.0–17) | 2/8 | M0 | 2.3 (0.10–7.0) | 2.5 (0.50–5.8) | 10%, 70%, 20% |
| CDM3 | 10 | 8.6 (2.3–16) | 4/6 | M3B–3C | 600 (36–2858) | 151 (9.0–781) | 10%, 80%, 10% |
Subjects in the M0 and CDM3 groups consumed a gluten-containing diet. Study subjects in group M0 did not receive a coeliac disease (CD) diagnosis, whereas a CD diagnosis was confirmed in study subjects in group CDM3. Group CDM0 contained subjects with a CD diagnosis who were followed-up after a period on a gluten-free diet.
*Mean (min–max)
†Levels of IgA autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-TG2) in sera. For two subjects in group M0 serum outcomes were not available, but plasma outcomes were within range of the serum outcomes. Two subjects with IgA deficiency were included, one in group M0 and one in group CDM3. IgG anti-TG2 levels were measured instead, and the outcomes were within the accepted ranges for the groups (anti-TG2 ≤7 U/mL for group M0 and anti-TG2 >7 U/mL for group CDM3).
‡Levels of IgG antibodies against deamidated gliadin (anti-DG) in sera. For three subjects in group M0 and three subjects in group CDM3, no serum outcomes were available, but plasma outcomes were within range of the serum outcomes.
§The percentages of study subjects with 0, 1, or 2 human leucocyte antigen alpha chain DQA1*05 and beta chain DQB1*02 alleles (HLA-DQ2.5) in cis are accounted for in each group.
HLA, human leucocyte antigen.