Variable | Proportion with dyspepsia (n/total (%)) | OR | SE | P value | 95% CI |
Age | |||||
≤30 | 87/661 (13.2) | 1.003 | 0.005 | 0.58 | 0.989 to 1.018 |
31–45 | 105/730 (14.4) | ||||
≥45 | 91/609 (14.9) | ||||
Gender | |||||
Male | 79/832 (9.5) | – | – | – | |
Female | 204/1168 (17.5) | 2.017 | 0.16 | 0.001* | 1.618 to 2.514 |
Profession | |||||
Unemployed | 20/135 (14.8) | – | – | – | |
Farmer | 209/1350 (15.5) | 0.979 | 0.309 | 0.95 | 0.408 to 2.351 |
Student | 17/123 (13.8) | 0.857 | 0.297 | 0.68 | 0.327 to 2.246 |
Private sector | 26/253 (10.3) | 0.612 | 0.17 | 0.152 | 0.283 to 1.323 |
Public sector | 5/109 (4.6) | 0.257 | 0.081 | 0.012* | 0.107 to 0.615 |
Socioeconomic status | |||||
Category 1 | 44/221 (19.9) | – | – | – | |
Category 2 | 165/1230 (13.4) | 0.623 | 0.103 | 0.045* | 0.395 to 0.985 |
Category 3 | 72/541 (13.3) | 0.618 | 0.204 | 0.219 | 0.246 to 1.548 |
Category 4 | 2/8 (25.0) | 1.341 | 0.524 | 0.495 | 0.453 to 3.968 |
Marital status | |||||
Single | 54/391 (13.8) | – | – | – | |
Married | 191/1387 (13.8) | 0.997 | 0.124 | 0.98 | 0.705 to 1.409 |
Divorced | 3/20 (15.0) | 1.101 | 0.404 | 0.805 | 0.398 to 3.047 |
Widow | 35/202 (17.3) | 1.308 | 0.471 | 0.498 | 0.481 to 3.556 |
Having children | |||||
Has children | 224/1554 (14.4) | – | – | – | |
No children | 59/446 (13.2) | 0.905 | 0.074 | 0.292 | 0.721 to 1.137 |
Smoking | |||||
Never | 211/1600 (13.8) | – | – | – | |
In the past | 39/222 (17.6) | 1.403 | 0.282 | 0.167 | 0.803 to 2.451 |
Currently | 31/173 (17.9) | 1.437 | 0.236 | 0.091 | 0.912 to 2.265 |
NSAID use | |||||
Never | 104/738 (14.1) | – | – | – | |
In the past | 149/1164 (12.8) | 0.895 | 0.166 | 0.581 | 0.535 to 1.497 |
Currently | 27/81 (33.3) | 3.048 | 1.217 | 0.049* | 1.006 to 9.233 |
Aspirin use | |||||
Never | 114/963 (10.6) | – | – | – | |
In the past | 136/681 (16.7) | 1.687 | 0.173 | 0.007* | 1.27 to 2.241 |
Currently | 25/59 (29.8) | 3.579 | 0.648 | 0.002* | 2.166 to 5.916 |
Alcohol use | |||||
Never | 70/590 (11.9) | – | – | – | |
In the past | 84/415 (20.2) | 1.885 | 0.125 | 0.001* | 1.569 to 2.265 |
Currently | 128/990 (12.9) | 1.103 | 0.157 | 0.528 | 0.743 to 1.637 |
*Denotes a significant value with p<0.05.
NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SF-LDQ, Short Form Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire.