Baseline laboratory data
| Laboratory tests | N | Mean±SD (normal range) |
| Carbohydrate metabolism | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 2827 | 5.6±1.4 (<5.5) |
| 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 383 | 7.3±2.2 (<7.8) |
| Haemoglobin A1c (%) | 843 | 6.1±1.4 (4.0–5.6) |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 1915 | 7.0±7.7 (2.5–7.1) |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | 1095 | 78.9±23.3 (60–110) |
| Lipid profile | ||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2786 | 6.3±1.2 (3.5–5.0) |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1780 | 1.4±0.7 (0.9–1.5) |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1795 | 3.7±1.1 (<3.4) |
| Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 499 | 1.2±0.9 (0.1–1.7) |
| Serum triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2080 | 2.1±0.9 (<1.7) |
| Liver function tests | ||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 2843 | 50.2±33.2 (M<41, F<33) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 2843 | 43.6±25.7 (M<50, F<35) |
| Gamma-glutamyl transferase (U/L) | 2076 | 51.7±37.6 (M<49, F<32) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 2076 | 137.4±80.7 (40–150) |
| Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | 2588 | 17.5±9.0 (3–17) |
| Albumin (g/L) | 990 | 47.3±12.8 (35–50) |
| Prothrombin activity (%) | 1001 | 87.9±25.9 (70–100) |
| Gamma-globulin (g/L) | 361 | 17.1±9.9 (7–16) |
| Serum iron (µmol/L) | 939 | 18.5±5.8 (10–30) |
| Urine albumin (mg/L) | 130 | 9.8±11.9 (<20) |
N refers to the number of patients with adequate laboratory data.
F, female; M, male.