Multivariable cause-specific and subdistribution HRs, and 95% CIs of CRC and non-CRC deaths, with chained multiple imputation (N=1861)
| Prediagnostic variables | Categories | Cause-specific hazard model* | Subdistribution hazard model (Fine and Gray regression)* | ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | SHR (95% CI) | SHR (95% CI) | ||||||
| CRC death | P trend | Non-CRC death | P trend | CRC death | P trend | Non-CRC death | P trend | ||
| Age at diagnosis of CRC | Per year increase | 1.05 (1.03 to 1.06 ) | <0.01 | 1.12 (1.08 to 1.16 ) | <0.01 | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.06 ) | <0.01 | 1.09 (1.06 to 1.13 ) | <0.01 |
| Physical activity | 1–2 (least active) | 0.95 (0.62 to 1.44) | 0.75 | 2.14 (1.05 to 4.37 ) | 0.85 | 0.96 (0.62 to 1.50) | 0.77 | 2.05 (1.03 to 4.04 ) | 0.94 |
| 3–4 | 0.92 (0.73 to 1.18) | 0.98 (0.54 to 1.78) | 0.94 (0.73 to 1.22) | 0.96 (0.54 to 1.72) | |||||
| 5–6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| 7–8 | 0.97 (0.77 to 1.23) | 1.19 (0.67 to 2.11) | 0.98 (0.77 to 1.24) | 1.17 (0.66 to 2.06) | |||||
| 9–10 (most active) | 1.01 (0.67 to 1.53) | 2.00 (0.89 to 4.48) | 1.05 (0.70 to 1.57) | 1.82 (0.81 to 4.12) | |||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | Underweight (<20.0) | 1.09 (0.77 to 1.53) | 0.44 | 1.56 (0.68 to 3.57) | 0.40 | 1.12 (0.76 to 1.64) | 0.40 | 1.15 (0.52 to 2.57) | 0.25 |
| Normal (20.0–24.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 0.97 (0.80 to 1.18) | 0.84 (0.53 to 1.32) | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.15) | 0.87 (0.56 to 1.35) | |||||
| Obese (≥30.0) | 0.91 (0.66 to 1.26) | 1.44 (0.77 to 2.68) | 0.92 (0.66 to 1.28) | 1.48 (0.80 to 2.75) | |||||
| Duration of education (years) | <10 | 1.00 | 0.52 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 1.00 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.06 |
| 10–12 | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.24) | 1.21 (0.74 to 1.98) | 1.00 (0.79 to 1.26) | 1.19 (0.73 to 1.96) | |||||
| >12 | 0.96 (0.74 to 1.24) | 1.79 (1.02 to 3.15 ) | 0.94 (0.73 to 1.20) | 1.81 (1.02 to 3.24 ) | |||||
| Annual household income | Low (<300 000 NOK) | 1.00 | 0.21 | 1.00 | 0.45 | 1.00 | 0.26 | 1.00 | 0.28 |
| Middle (300–600 000 NOK) | 0.93 (0.75 to 1.14) | 0.97 (0.58 to 1.64) | 0.92 (0.75 to 1.13) | 0.98 (0.57 to 1.67) | |||||
| High (>600 000 NOK) | 0.93 (0.64 to 1.35) | 0.53 (0.12 to 2.32) | 0.92 (0.65 to 1.30) | 0.43 (0.10 to 1.88) | |||||
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | None | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| ≤3.0 g | 1.17 (0.92 to 1.47) | 0.89 (0.57 to 1.40) | 1.18 (0.92 to 1.53) | 0.90 (0.58 to 1.39) | |||||
| >3.0–10.0 g | 1.02 (0.78 to 1.34) | 0.75 (0.39 to 1.42) | 1.06 (0.80 to 1.41) | 0.71 (0.39 to 1.31) | |||||
| >10.0 g | 1.01 (0.68 to 1.48) | 0.55 (0.19 to 1.62) | 1.03 (0.68 to 1.56) | 0.61 (0.20 to 1.80) | |||||
| Smoking status | Never | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Former | 1.09 (0.88 to 1.34) | 0.89 (0.54 to 1.47) | 1.10 (0.89 to 1.36) | 0.76 (0.47 to 1.23) | |||||
| Current | 1.16 (0.92 to 1.46) | 1.98 (1.21 to 3.23 ) | 1.18 (0.93 to 1.49) | 1.60 (0.98 to 2.60) | |||||
| Red and processed meat (g/day) | ≤70 g | 1.00 | 0.69 | 1.00 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.46 |
| >70 g | 1.04 (0.83 to 1.30) | 0.96 (0.56 to 1.64) | 1.04 (0.83 to 1.29) | 0.90 (0.53 to 1.55) | |||||
| Fish intake (g/day) | ≤130 g | 1.00 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.70 |
| >130 g | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.23) | 1.05 (0.68 to 1.62) | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.26) | 1.06 (0.68 to 1.64) | |||||
| Vegetable and fruit intake (g/day) | ≤300 g | 1.00 | 0.53 | 1.00 | 0.06 | 1.00 | 0.32 | 1.00 | 0.04 |
| >300 g | 0.89 (0.74 to 1.07) | 0.61 (0.39 to 0.93 ) | 0.95 (0.79 to 1.14) | 0.61 (0.40 to 0.94 ) | |||||
| Vitamin D intake (μg/day) | ≤10.0 μg | 1.00 | 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.80 |
| >10.0 μg | 0.75 (0.61 to 0.92 ) | 0.91 (0.58 to 1.43) | 0.77 (0.62 to 0.96 ) | 1.03 (0.66 to 1.60) | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Yes | 1.19 (0.73 to 1.94) | 1.36 (0.48 to 3.84) | 1.13 (0.66 to 1.92) | 0.99 (0.32 to 3.02) | |||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Yes | 0.98 (0.77 to 1.23) | 1.80 (1.17 to 2.77 ) | 0.90 (0.71 to 1.14) | 1.74 (1.13 to 2.68 ) | |||||
Boldfaced values are statistically significant.
*Stratified by CRC stages and adjusted for prediagnostic follow-up duration.
CRC, colorectal cancer; NOK, Norwegian kroner; SHR, subdistribution HR.