Subject’s characteristics
| Variables | Total (n=41) | NASH (n=19) | NAFLD (n=22) | P value | |
| Age (years) | Mean (±SD) | 67.0 (±10.3) | 67.2 (±10.7) | 66.9 (±10.2) | 0.92 |
| Male | n (%) | 19 (46.3) | 8 (42.1) | 11 (50.0) | 0.61 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | Mean (±SD) | 26.4 (±3.8) | 27.0 (±4.1) | 25.9 (±3.6) | 0.56 |
| Obesity | n (%) | 25 (61.0) | 12 (63.2) | 13 (59.1) | 0.79 |
| Smoker | n (%) | 16 (39.0) | 7 (36.8) | 9 (40.9) | 0.79 |
| Current smoker | n (%) | 5 (12.2) | 2 (10.5) | 3 (13.6) | 0.76 |
| Past smoker | n (%) | 11 (26.8) | 5 (26,3) | 6 (27.3) | 0.95 |
| Alcohol | n (%) | 14 (34.1) | 7 (36.8) | 7 (31.8) | 0.74 |
| Alcohol consumption (g/week) | median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0–5.9) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–8.5) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension | n (%) | 31 (75.6) | 24 (73.7) | 17 (77.3) | 0.79 |
| Diabetes mellitus | n (%) | 11 (26.8) | 3 (15.8) | 8 (36.4) | 0.14 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | n (%) | 15 (36.6) | 5 (26.3) | 10 (45.5) | 0.20 |
| Streptococcus mutans | n (%) | 34 (82.9) | 16 (84.2) | 18 (81.8) | 0.84 |
| cnm-positive S. mutans | n (%) | 15 (36.6) | 10 (62.5) | 5 (27.8) | 0.04 |
| cnm-negative S. mutans | n (%) | 19 (46.3) | 6 (37.5) | 13 (72.2) | |
| The number of teeth | mean (±SD) | 14.4 (±8.3) | 12.4 (±9.0) | 16.3 (±7.4) | 0.16 |
| Edentulous | n (%) | 3 (8.3) | 3 (17.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.06 |
Significant differences between groups were determined using the χ2 test, Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
BMI, body mass index; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.