Abstract
Portal hypertension, a major hallmark of cirrhosis, is defined as a portal pressure gradient exceeding 5 mm Hg. In portal hypertension, porto-systemic collaterals decompress the portal circulation and give rise to varices. Successful management of portal hypertension and its complications requires knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology, the pertinent anatomy, and the natural history of the collateral circulation, particularly the gastroesophageal varices.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Collateral Circulation
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Dilatation, Pathologic
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Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices / diagnosis
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices / etiology
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices / therapy*
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Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology
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Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / therapy*
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Hemostatics
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Humans
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Hypertension, Portal / complications*
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Hypertension, Portal / etiology
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Ligation
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Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic
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Pyloric Antrum / pathology
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Risk Factors
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Sclerotherapy
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Vasopressins