Abstract
An estimated incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Mongolia is currently one of the highest in the world. According to previous reports, the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses in general population of the country is very high (HBV, 10% and HCV, 15%, respectively). Moreover, the majority (75-100%) of the HBV-infected individuals have co-infection with hepatitis Delta virus (HDV). Despite reported observations that HBV + HDV/HCV co-infection have significantly stronger association with HCC when compared with HCV-monoinfection, the later is still frequently observed among Mongolian HCC patients (39%). In this study, an approach based on principles of population genetics and mathematical epidemiology was used to trace an epidemic history of HCV and HDV. In agreement with the sero-epidemiological and social-historical background of the country, the results have demonstrated that the viruses had different epidemic dynamics in Mongolia; HCV was characterized by earlier epidemic expansion, whereas HDV spread with approximately 50 years lag. This may explain the comparable contribution of the HCV-monoinfection and HBV + HDV co-infection in current HCC rate despite different levels of risk of carcinogenesis. Used approach is useful in evaluation of current and prospective disease burden.
Publication types
-
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
-
Adult
-
Aged
-
Aged, 80 and over
-
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / epidemiology*
-
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / virology
-
Disease Outbreaks
-
Female
-
Hepacivirus / classification
-
Hepacivirus / genetics
-
Hepatitis B / complications
-
Hepatitis B / epidemiology*
-
Hepatitis B / virology
-
Hepatitis C / complications
-
Hepatitis C / epidemiology*
-
Hepatitis C / virology
-
Hepatitis D / complications
-
Hepatitis D / epidemiology*
-
Hepatitis D / virology
-
Hepatitis Delta Virus / classification
-
Hepatitis Delta Virus / genetics
-
Humans
-
Male
-
Middle Aged
-
Molecular Sequence Data
-
Mongolia / epidemiology
-
Phylogeny
Associated data
-
GENBANK/AB295119
-
GENBANK/AB295120
-
GENBANK/AB295121
-
GENBANK/AB295122
-
GENBANK/AB295123
-
GENBANK/AB295124
-
GENBANK/AB295125
-
GENBANK/AB295126
-
GENBANK/AB295127
-
GENBANK/AB295128
-
GENBANK/AB295129
-
GENBANK/AB295130
-
GENBANK/AB295131
-
GENBANK/AB295132
-
GENBANK/AB295133
-
GENBANK/AB295134
-
GENBANK/AB295135
-
GENBANK/AB295136
-
GENBANK/AB295137
-
GENBANK/AB295138
-
GENBANK/AB295139
-
GENBANK/AB295140
-
GENBANK/AB295141
-
GENBANK/AB295142
-
GENBANK/AB295143
-
GENBANK/AB295144
-
GENBANK/AB295145
-
GENBANK/AB295146
-
GENBANK/AB295147
-
GENBANK/AB295148
-
GENBANK/AB295149
-
GENBANK/AB295150
-
GENBANK/AB295151
-
GENBANK/AB295152
-
GENBANK/AB295153
-
GENBANK/AB295154
-
GENBANK/AB295155
-
GENBANK/AB295156
-
GENBANK/AB295157
-
GENBANK/AB295158
-
GENBANK/AB295159
-
GENBANK/AB295160
-
GENBANK/AB295161
-
GENBANK/AB295162
-
GENBANK/AB295163
-
GENBANK/AB295164
-
GENBANK/AB295165
-
GENBANK/AB295166
-
GENBANK/AB295167
-
GENBANK/AB295168
-
GENBANK/AB295169
-
GENBANK/AB295170
-
GENBANK/AB295171
-
GENBANK/AB295172
-
GENBANK/AB295173
-
GENBANK/AB295174
-
GENBANK/AB295175
-
GENBANK/AB295176
-
GENBANK/AB295177
-
GENBANK/AB295178
-
GENBANK/AB295179
-
GENBANK/AB295180
-
GENBANK/AB295181
-
GENBANK/AB295182
-
GENBANK/AB295183
-
GENBANK/AB295184
-
GENBANK/AB295185
-
GENBANK/AB295186
-
GENBANK/AB295187
-
GENBANK/AB295188
-
GENBANK/AB295189
-
GENBANK/AB295190
-
GENBANK/AB295191
-
GENBANK/AB295192
-
GENBANK/AB295193